Publications - Data-Driven Verification Lab

Published Works

2026

Jeary, L., Kuipers, T., Hosseini, M., & Paoletti, N. (2026). Verifiably robust conformal prediction for probabilistic guarantees under adversarial attacks. Pattern Recognition, 170, 112051.
```
@article{jeary2026verifiably,
  title = {Verifiably robust conformal prediction for probabilistic guarantees under adversarial attacks},
  author = {Jeary, Linus and Kuipers, Tom and Hosseini, Mehran and Paoletti, Nicola},
  journal = {Pattern Recognition},
  volume = {170},
  pages = {112051},
  year = {2026},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  doi = {10.1016/j.patcog.2025.112051}
}
```
McFadden, S., Foley, M., D’Onghia, M., Hicks, C., Mavroudis, V., Paoletti, N., & Pierazzi, F. (2026). DRMD: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Malware Detection under Concept Drift. The Fortieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-26), to Appear.
```
@inproceedings{mcfadden2026drmd,
  title = {DRMD: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Malware Detection under Concept Drift},
  author = {McFadden, Shae and Foley, Myles and D'Onghia, Mario and Hicks, Chris and Mavroudis, Vasilios and Paoletti, Nicola and Pierazzi, Fabio},
  booktitle = {The Fortieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-26), to appear},
  year = {2026},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18839}
}
```
Lally, J., Kazemi, M., & Paoletti, N. (2026). Robust Counterfactual Inference in Markov Decision Processes. Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, to Appear.
```
@inproceedings{lally2026robust,
  title = {Robust Counterfactual Inference in Markov Decision Processes},
  author = {Lally, Jessica and Kazemi, Milad and Paoletti, Nicola},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, to appear},
  year = {2026},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.13731v3}
}
```

2025

Zhang, Z., Chen, H., Paoletti, N., Lin, S., & Smolka, S. A. (2025). An STREL-based Formulation of Spatial Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2512.12511.
```
@article{zhang2025strel,
  title = {An STREL-based Formulation of Spatial Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems},
  author = {Zhang, Zeyu and Chen, Hongkai and Paoletti, Nicola and Lin, Shan and Smolka, Scott A},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.12511},
  year = {2025},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12511}
}
```
Lydon, H., Kazemi, M., Bishop, M., & Paoletti, N. (2025). Physics-Informed Neural Operators for Cardiac Electrophysiology. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2511.08418.
```
@article{lydon2025physics,
  title = {Physics-Informed Neural Operators for Cardiac Electrophysiology},
  author = {Lydon, Hannah and Kazemi, Milad and Bishop, Martin and Paoletti, Nicola},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.08418},
  year = {2025},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.08418}
}
```
Bilkhoo, A., Hosseini, M., Kazemi, M., & Paoletti, N. (2025). CONFEX: Uncertainty-Aware Counterfactual Explanations with Conformal Guarantees. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2510.19754.
```
@article{bilkhoo2025confex,
  title = {CONFEX: Uncertainty-Aware Counterfactual Explanations with Conformal Guarantees},
  author = {Bilkhoo, Aman and Hosseini, Mehran and Kazemi, Milad and Paoletti, Nicola},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.19754},
  year = {2025},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.19754}
}
```
Huang, J., Park, S., Paoletti, N., & Simeone, O. (2025). Reliable Inference in Edge-Cloud Model Cascades via Conformal Alignment. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2510.17543.
```
@article{huang2025reliable,
  title = {Reliable Inference in Edge-Cloud Model Cascades via Conformal Alignment},
  author = {Huang, Jiayi and Park, Sangwoo and Paoletti, Nicola and Simeone, Osvaldo},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.17543},
  year = {2025},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.17543}
}
```
Cairoli, F., Bortolussi, L., Deshmukh, J. V., Lindemann, L., & Paoletti, N. (2025). Conformal Predictive Monitoring for Multi-modal Scenarios. International Conference on Runtime Verification, 336–356.
```
@inproceedings{cairoli2025conformal,
  title = {Conformal Predictive Monitoring for Multi-modal Scenarios},
  author = {Cairoli, Francesca and Bortolussi, Luca and Deshmukh, Jyotirmoy V and Lindemann, Lars and Paoletti, Nicola},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Runtime Verification},
  pages = {336--356},
  year = {2025},
  organization = {Springer},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_19}
}
```
Cairoli, F., Kuipers, T., Bortolussi, L., & Paoletti, N. (2025). Conformal quantitative predictive monitoring of stochastic systems with conditional validity. Nonlinear Analysis: Hybrid Systems, 57, 101606.
```
@article{cairoli2025conformam,
  title = {Conformal quantitative predictive monitoring of stochastic systems with conditional validity},
  author = {Cairoli, Francesca and Kuipers, Tom and Bortolussi, Luca and Paoletti, Nicola},
  journal = {Nonlinear Analysis: Hybrid Systems},
  volume = {57},
  pages = {101606},
  year = {2025},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  doi = {10.1016/j.nahs.2025.101606}
}
```
Pona, E., Kazemi, M., Du, Y., Watson, D., & Paoletti, N. (2025). Abstract Counterfactuals for Language Model Agents. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, to Appear.
```
@inproceedings{pona2025abstract,
  title = {Abstract Counterfactuals for Language Model Agents},
  author = {Pona, Edoardo and Kazemi, Milad and Du, Yali and Watson, David and Paoletti, Nicola},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, to appear},
  year = {2025},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02946}
}
```
Lydon, H., Mehrabadi, M. K., Bishop, M., & Paoletti, N. (2025). SimICD: A Closed-Loop Simulation Framework For ICD Therapy. 47th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC).
```
@inproceedings{lydon2025simicd,
  title = {SimICD: A Closed-Loop Simulation Framework For ICD Therapy},
  author = {Lydon, Hannah and Mehrabadi, Milad Kazemi and Bishop, Martin and Paoletti, Nicola},
  booktitle = {47th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)},
  year = {2025},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.01371}
}
```
Bagga, P., Paoletti, N., & Stathis, K. (2025). Adaptive strategy templates using deep reinforcement learning for multi-issue bilateral negotiation. Neurocomputing, 623, 129381.
```
@article{bagga2025adaptive,
  title = {Adaptive strategy templates using deep reinforcement learning for multi-issue bilateral negotiation},
  author = {Bagga, Pallavi and Paoletti, Nicola and Stathis, Kostas},
  journal = {Neurocomputing},
  volume = {623},
  pages = {129381},
  year = {2025},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  doi = {10.1016/j.neucom.2025.129381}
}
```
Hosseini, M., Lomuscio, A., & Paoletti, N. (2025). LTL Verification of Memoryful Neural Agents. Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 978–987.
```
@inproceedings{hosseini2025ltl,
  title = {LTL Verification of Memoryful Neural Agents},
  author = {Hosseini, Mehran and Lomuscio, Alessio and Paoletti, Nicola},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems},
  pages = {978--987},
  year = {2025},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.02512}
}
```
Kazemi, M., Lally, J., Tishchenko, E., Chockler, H., & Paoletti, N. (2025). Counterfactual Influence in Markov Decision Processes. Causal Learning and Reasoning, 792–817.
```
@inproceedings{kazemi2025counterfactual,
  title = {Counterfactual Influence in Markov Decision Processes},
  author = {Kazemi, Milad and Lally, Jessica and Tishchenko, Ekaterina and Chockler, Hana and Paoletti, Nicola},
  booktitle = {Causal Learning and Reasoning},
  pages = {792--817},
  year = {2025},
  organization = {PMLR},
  link = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v275/kazemi25a.html}
}
```
Giacomarra, F., Hosseini, M., Paoletti, N., & Cairoli, F. (2025). Certified Guidance for Planning with Deep Generative Models. Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 877–885.
```
@inproceedings{giacomarra2025certified,
  title = {Certified Guidance for Planning with Deep Generative Models},
  author = {Giacomarra, Francesco and Hosseini, Mehran and Paoletti, Nicola and Cairoli, Francesca},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems},
  pages = {877--885},
  year = {2025},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.12815}
}
```
Huang, J., Park, S., Paoletti, N., & Simeone, O. (2025). Distilling Calibration via Conformalized Credal Inference. International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2025).
```
@inproceedings{huang2025distilling,
  title = {Distilling Calibration via Conformalized Credal Inference},
  author = {Huang, Jiayi and Park, Sangwoo and Paoletti, Nicola and Simeone, Osvaldo},
  booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2025)},
  year = {2025},
  link = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.06066}
}
```
Kazemi, M., Lally, J., & Paoletti, N. (2025). Causal temporal reasoning for Markov decision processes. Research Directions: Cyber-Physical Systems, 1–23.
```
@article{kazemi2025causal,
  title = {Causal temporal reasoning for Markov decision processes},
  author = {Kazemi, Milad and Lally, Jessica and Paoletti, Nicola},
  journal = {Research Directions: Cyber-Physical Systems},
  pages = {1--23},
  year = {2025},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  doi = {10.1017/cbp.2025.2}
}
```

2024

Jeary, L., Kuipers, T., Hosseini, M., & Paoletti, N. (2024). Verifiably robust conformal prediction. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 4295–4314.
```
@inproceedings{jeary2024verifiably,
  title = {Verifiably robust conformal prediction},
  author = {Jeary, Linus and Kuipers, Tom and Hosseini, Mehran and Paoletti, Nicola},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  pages = {4295--4314},
  year = {2024},
  doi = {10.52202/079017-0140}
}
```
Kuipers, T., Tumu, R., Yang, S., Kazemi, M., Mangharam, R., & Paoletti, N. (2024). Conformal off-policy prediction for multi-agent systems. 2024 IEEE 63rd Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), 1067–1074.
```
@inproceedings{kuipers2024conformal,
  title = {Conformal off-policy prediction for multi-agent systems},
  author = {Kuipers, Tom and Tumu, Renukanandan and Yang, Shuo and Kazemi, Milad and Mangharam, Rahul and Paoletti, Nicola},
  booktitle = {2024 IEEE 63rd Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)},
  pages = {1067--1074},
  year = {2024},
  organization = {IEEE},
  doi = {10.1109/CDC56724.2024.10886791}
}
```
Wicker, M., Laurenti, L., Patane, A., Paoletti, N., Abate, A., & Kwiatkowska, M. (2024). Probabilistic reach-avoid for Bayesian neural networks. Artificial Intelligence, 334, 104132.
```
@article{wicker2024probabilistic,
  title = {Probabilistic reach-avoid for Bayesian neural networks},
  author = {Wicker, Matthew and Laurenti, Luca and Patane, Andrea and Paoletti, Nicola and Abate, Alessandro and Kwiatkowska, Marta},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  volume = {334},
  pages = {104132},
  year = {2024},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  doi = {10.1016/j.artint.2024.104132}
}
```
Krish, V., Paoletti, N., Kazemi, M., Smolka, S., & Rahmati, A. (2024). Biosignal authentication considered harmful today. 33rd USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 24), 5521–5536.
```
@inproceedings{krish2024biosignal,
  title = {Biosignal authentication considered harmful today},
  author = {Krish, Veena and Paoletti, Nicola and Kazemi, Milad and Smolka, Scott and Rahmati, Amir},
  booktitle = {33rd USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 24)},
  pages = {5521--5536},
  year = {2024},
  link = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity24/presentation/krish}
}
```

2023

Cairoli, F., Bortolussi, L., & Paoletti, N. (2023). Learning-based approaches to predictive monitoring with conformal statistical guarantees. International Conference on Runtime Verification, 461–487.
```
@inproceedings{cairoli2023learning,
  title = {Learning-based approaches to predictive monitoring with conformal statistical guarantees},
  author = {Cairoli, Francesca and Bortolussi, Luca and Paoletti, Nicola},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Runtime Verification},
  pages = {461--487},
  year = {2023},
  organization = {Springer},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-44267-4_26}
}
```
Paoletti, N., & Woodcock, J. (2023). How to ensure safety of learning-enabled cyber-physical systems? Research Directions: Cyber-Physical Systems, 1, e2.
```
@article{paoletti2023ensure,
  title = {How to ensure safety of learning-enabled cyber-physical systems?},
  author = {Paoletti, Nicola and Woodcock, Jim},
  journal = {Research Directions: Cyber-Physical Systems},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {e2},
  year = {2023},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  doi = {10.1017/cbp.2023.2}
}
```
Cairoli, F., Paoletti, N., & Bortolussi, L. (2023). Conformal Quantitative Predictive Monitoring of STL Requirements for Stochastic Processes. 26th ACM International Conference on Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control (HSCC 2023).
```
@inproceedings{bortolussi23conformal,
  author = {Cairoli, Francesca and Paoletti, Nicola and Bortolussi, Luca},
  title = {Conformal Quantitative Predictive Monitoring of STL Requirements for Stochastic Processes},
  booktitle = {26th ACM International Conference on Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control (HSCC 2023)},
  year = {2023},
  doi = {10.1145/3575870.3587113}
}
```
Chen, H., Lin, S., Smolka, S. A., & Paoletti, N. (2023). An STL-based Approach to Resilient Control for Cyber-Physical Systems. 26th ACM International Conference on Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control (HSCC 2023).
```
@inproceedings{chen2023stl,
  author = {Chen, Hongkai and Lin, Shan and Smolka, Scott A. and Paoletti, Nicola},
  title = {An STL-based Approach to Resilient Control for Cyber-Physical Systems},
  booktitle = {26th ACM International Conference on Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control (HSCC 2023)},
  year = {2023},
  doi = {10.1145/3575870.3587119}
}
```
Krish, V., Paoletti, N., Smolka, S. A., & Rahmati, A. (2023). Synthesizing Pareto-Optimal Signal-Injection Attacks on ICDs. IEEE Access, 11, 4992–5003.
```
@article{krish22synthesizing,
  title = {Synthesizing Pareto-Optimal Signal-Injection Attacks on ICDs},
  author = {Krish, Veena and Paoletti, Nicola and Smolka, Scott A. and Rahmati, Amir},
  year = {2023},
  journal = {IEEE Access},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {4992--5003},
  doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3233010.}
}
```

2022

Cairoli, F., Paoletti, N., & Bortolussi, L. (2022). Neural Predictive Monitoring for Collective Adaptive Systems. ISoLA 2022 Symposium, 13703, 30–46.
```
@inproceedings{cairoli22neural,
  author = {Cairoli, Francesca and Paoletti, Nicola and Bortolussi, Luca},
  title = {Neural Predictive Monitoring for Collective Adaptive Systems},
  booktitle = {ISoLA 2022 Symposium},
  series = {LNCS},
  volume = {13703},
  pages = {30--46},
  year = {2022},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-19759-8_3}
}
```
Chen, H., Lin, S., Smolka, S. A., & Paoletti, N. (2022). An STL-Based Formulation of Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems. FORMATS 2022, 13465, 117–135.
```
@inproceedings{chen2022stl,
  author = {Chen, Hongkai and Lin, Shan and Smolka, Scott A. and Paoletti, Nicola},
  title = {An STL-Based Formulation of Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems},
  booktitle = {FORMATS 2022},
  series = {LNCS},
  volume = {13465},
  pages = {117--135},
  year = {2022},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-15839-1_7}
}
```
Bagga, P., Paoletti, N., & Stathis, K. (2022). Deep Learnable Strategy Templates for Multi-Issue Bilateral Negotiation. 21st International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS 2022, 1533–1535.
```
@inproceedings{bagga22deep,
  author = {Bagga, Pallavi and Paoletti, Nicola and Stathis, Kostas},
  title = {Deep Learnable Strategy Templates for Multi-Issue Bilateral Negotiation},
  booktitle = {21st International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, {AAMAS} 2022},
  pages = {1533--1535},
  year = {2022},
  doi = {10.5555/3535850.3536025}
}
```

2021

Chen, H., Paoletti, N., Smolka, S. A., & Lin, S. (2021). MPC-guided Imitation Learning of Bayesian Neural Network Policies for the Artificial Pancreas. 60th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC 2021), 2525–2532.
```
@inproceedings{chen2020mpcguided,
  author = {Chen, Hongkai and Paoletti, Nicola and Smolka, Scott A. and Lin, Shan},
  title = {MPC-guided Imitation Learning of Bayesian Neural Network Policies for the Artificial Pancreas},
  booktitle = {60th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC 2021)},
  pages = {2525--2532},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  year = {2021},
  doi = {10.1109/CDC45484.2021.9683240}
}
```
Bagga, P., Paoletti, N., Alrayes, B., & Stathis, K. (2021). ANEGMA: an automated negotiation model for e-markets. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, 35(2), 27.
```
@article{bagga2021anegma,
  title = {ANEGMA: an automated negotiation model for e-markets},
  author = {Bagga, Pallavi and Paoletti, Nicola and Alrayes, Bedour and Stathis, Kostas},
  year = {2021},
  journal = {Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems},
  volume = {35},
  number = {2},
  pages = {27},
  doi = {10.1007/s10458-021-09513-x}
}
```
Wicker, M., Laurenti, L., Patane, A., Paoletti, N., Abate, A., & Kwiatkowska, M. (2021). Certification of Iterative Predictions in Bayesian Neural Networks. Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI 2021), 161, 1713–1723.
```
@inproceedings{wicker2021certification,
  title = {Certification of Iterative Predictions in Bayesian Neural Networks},
  author = {Wicker, Matthew and Laurenti, Luca and Patane, Andrea and Paoletti, Nicola and Abate, Alessandro and Kwiatkowska, Marta},
  year = {2021},
  booktitle = {Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI 2021)},
  series = {Proceedings of Machine Learning Research},
  volume = {161},
  pages = {1713--1723},
  link = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v161/wicker21a.html}
}
```
Cairoli, F., Bortolussi, L., & Paoletti, N. (2021). Neural Predictive Monitoring Under Partial Observability. Runtime Verification, 12974, 121–141.
```
@inproceedings{cairoli21neural,
  author = {Cairoli, Francesca and Bortolussi, Luca and Paoletti, Nicola},
  title = {Neural Predictive Monitoring Under Partial Observability},
  booktitle = {Runtime Verification},
  series = {LNCS},
  volume = {12974},
  pages = {121--141},
  year = {2021},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-88494-9_7}
}
```
LaMalfa, E., Zbrzezny, A., Michelmore, R., Paoletti, N., & Kwiatkowska, M. (2021). On Guaranteed Optimal Robust Explanations for NLP Models. International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2021), 2658–2665.
```
@inproceedings{lamalfa2021guaranteed,
  title = {On Guaranteed Optimal Robust Explanations for NLP Models},
  author = {LaMalfa, Emanuele and Zbrzezny, Agnieszka and Michelmore, Rhiannon and Paoletti, Nicola and Kwiatkowska, Marta},
  year = {2021},
  booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2021)},
  pages = {2658--2665},
  doi = {10.24963/ijcai.2021/366}
}
```
Bortolussi, L., Cairoli, F., Paoletti, N., Smolka, S. A., & Stoller, S. D. (2021). Neural Predictive Monitoring and a Comparison of Frequentist and Bayesian Approaches. International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer, to Appear, 23(4), 615–640.
```
@article{bortolussi2020neural,
  title = {Neural Predictive Monitoring and a Comparison of Frequentist and Bayesian Approaches},
  author = {Bortolussi, Luca and Cairoli, Francesca and Paoletti, Nicola and Smolka, Scott A. and Stoller, Scott D.},
  journal = {International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer, to appear},
  volume = {23},
  number = {4},
  pages = {615--640},
  year = {2021},
  doi = {10.1007/s10009-021-00623-1}
}
```
Bagga, P., Paoletti, N., & Stathis, K. (2021). Pareto Bid Estimation for Multi-Issue Bilateral Negotiation under User Preference Uncertainty. IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE 2021), 1–6.
```
@inproceedings{bagga2021pareto,
  title = {Pareto Bid Estimation for Multi-Issue Bilateral Negotiation under User Preference Uncertainty},
  author = {Bagga, Pallavi and Paoletti, Nicola and Stathis, Kostas},
  year = {2021},
  booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE 2021)},
  pages = {1--6},
  doi = {10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494429}
}
```

Published Works

2026

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

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